Apparatus for upsetting eye-bars



(No Model.)

2 Sheets Sheet 1.

Patented Aug. 14, 1888.

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' F. H. SMITH.

APPARATUS FOR UPSETTING EYE BARS. No. 387,822. Patented Aug. 14, 1888.

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ilnrrs rains FREDERICK H. SMITH, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

APPARATUS FOR UPSETTING EYE-BARS SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 387,822, dated August 14, 1888.

Applicalion filed December '3, 1887. Serial No. 356.8016. (No model.)

To all 207mm 271; may concern:

Be it known that i, FREDERICK H. SMFIH, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city of Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Upsetting andDie-Forging l lularged Ends on Metallic Bars for Use as Eye- Bars andfor other Purposes; and these improvements are explained in thefollowing specification and shown in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a side view of my improved apparatus, showing the horizontaland vertical movements at about half-stroke. Fig. 2 is a front view ofthe same, showing the vertical movement at half-stroke. Fig. 3 is afront view of the same, showing the vertical move ment on the fulldownward stroke, and in this figure the front portion of the anvil andof the female die is cut away in order the better to show how thecompressing male die slides down vertically within the female die. Fig.4 is a plan view of the bed of the anvil, showing the horizontalmovement at the beginning of its stroke; and Fig. 5 is also a plan view,showing the horizontal movement at the end of its stroke; and in boththese plan views the overhead portion of the apparatus is omitted inorder the better to show the female die, the gripping appliances, andthe npsetter and its action.

In all these figures similar letters refer to similar parts.

A is the anvil upon which the forging is to be done.

D is the female die within which the forgiug is to be done.

U is the ram which upsets the heat-softened end of the bar B back uponitself.

I) is the male die, which fits down within the female die and compressesthe accumulating iron under it, and \V W are the gripping wedges whichhold the body of the bar B while its heat-softened end is being upsetand compressed into the required shape.

P is the horizontal piston, which actuates the upsettingram U, and G isthe cylinder within which this piston moves.

It R are the rods connecting the cylinder 0 with the anvil.

P is the overhead vertical piston, which act-mates the compressing maledie D, and O is the cylinder within which this vertical piston 1 moves.

It R are the rods which connect the cylinder (3 with the anvil.

In operation the bar to be forged is first properly heat-softened at itsend, and is then placed on the anvil and gripped in position with itsheated end extending through the front channel of the female die andthrough the shaping-chamber thereof and beyond this chamber to therequired distance into the rear channel of the female die, and with itsend resting against the end of the npsettingram, all as shown in Fig. 4.The compressing male die is then lowered down into the female die untilit rests on the heated bar on the bottom thereof. The upsetting-ram isthen driven forward, driving ahead of it the hot metal of the bar, andthis motion is continued, either steadily or intermittently orreciprocally, in order to pick up any overflowing metal, until theheat-softened metal within the rear channel of the female die has allbeen driven backward and forced to accumulate and spread out in theshaping-chamber under the main body of the compressing male die and thenpsettingram remains in the position shown in Fig. 5. The compressingmale die is raised and lowered during or after the upsetting withrapidity and force suited to the metal under treatment, after which theforged bar is jarred and lifted out. The bar is prevented from bendinglaterally during the upsetting by the small bulbous protuberance shownin Figs. 1 and 2 projecting downward from the center of the verticalcompressing male die D, which bulb will press into the hot metal bar atthe point indicated by the dotted circle shown in Figs. 4 and 5, andthus steady the bar against lateral displacement without impeding theflow of the hot metal. Variations in the sizes or other peculiarities ofthe bars may require that this bulb or protuberance should vary in shapeor should protrude from the bottom of the shaping-chamber instead of thetop, or be used both at the top and bottom, or that it should be omittedaltogether. The completion of the bar can he expedited by using the malecompressing-die to drive a sledge-hammer into the center of the hot headwhile it is still in the female die, thus at once expanding it radiallyand also IOO half-punching the eye-hole ready for the drillpress. Thepower to be used in the cylinders to move the pistons may be hydraulicor air, gas, steam, or other, and one kind may be used in one cylinderand another kind in another, or alternately in the same cylinder if thework requires slow compression at one stage and rapid hammer-blows atanother.

In many existing shops there are steamhammers which can easily be usedto actuate the vertical compressing male die of my apparatus, and thusdispense with a special cylinder therefor, as the anvil, together withthe horizontal cylinder, can be placed under such steam-hammer andremoved again. Screw or other power can also be used instead ofcylinder-power for either or both the vertical and horizontal movements,and my first three claims admit this.

I am aware that other inventors have used or designed methods andapparatus for dieforging eye-bars in which the heated metal of the endof the bar has been driven backward into a shaping-chamber by anupsetting-ram under cover of a movable top plate; but in all cases knownto me this combination is merely of chamber and cover-plate having ahorizontal plane of separation, and not of female and male die. Thesechambers are formed by the opposition of concave edges of cheek-pieces,which require to be changed with every change in the thickness of thebar,and the cover-plate extends out over the tops of these cheekpieces,andcannot be used as a hammer onaccount of the lateral overflow of metalon top of these cheek-pieces,which metal cools into thin sheets andchecks the downward stroke of the cover,

and makes it necessary to remove the upset but uncompressed head toanother machine for trimming and reliable compression.

By the use of female and maledics,as shown and described in myimprovement, I am enabled to dispense entirely with the changes of thecheek-pieces for different thicknesses of forged heads. The male die canbe used as a hammer on the hot metal in the female die without theformation of lateral fins and with out the removal of the bar to anothermachine.

In another application of even date I have shown and described anotherimprovement, in which the heat-softened bar is gripped to a movingcross-head, and is thus driven endwise into the front of a female dieand upset therein under a vertical compressing male die, which can beused as a hammer. That differs from this present improvement mainly inthe fact that in this the bar is held stationary and a movable ramupsets it, while in that the bar itself is movable and is its ownupsetting-ram.

Having thus described my invention and pointed out wherein it differsfrom others, I desire to claim the following as new and usefulimprovements in upsetting and die-forging enlarged ends on metallic barsfor use as eyebars and for other purposes:

1. In combination with an anvil, a horizontal receiving female dieconsisting of a shaping-chamber with front and rear channels, a verticalcompressing male die fitted to slide up and down within theshaping-chamber and the front and rear channels, respectively, of thefemale die and a horizontal upsettingram fitted to slide endwise withinthe rear channel of the female die and under the male die.

2. In combination with an anvil, a horizontal receiving female dieconsisting of a shaping-chamber with front and rear channels, a verticalcompressing male die fitted to slide down and up within theshaping-chamber and the front and rear channels, respectively, of thefemale die, a horizontal upsetting-ram fitted to slide endwise withinthe rear channel of the female die and under the male die, and a rearhorizontal cylinder and piston fitted to actuate the horizontalupsetting-ram.

8. In combination with an anvil, a horizontal receiving female dieconsisting of a shaping-chamber with front and rear channels, a verticalcompressing male die fitted to slide down and up within theshaping-chamber and the front and rear channels, respectively, of thefemale die, a horizontal upsetting-ram fitted to slide endwise withinthe rear channel of the female die and under the male die, and anoverhead vertical cylinder and piston fitted to actuate the verticalcompressing male die.

4. In combination with an anvil, a horizontal receiving female dieconsisting of a shapingchamber with front and rear channels, a verticalcompressing male die fitted to slide down and up within the shapingchambar and the front and rear channels, respectively, of the femaledie, a horizontal upsetting-ram fitted to slide endwise within the rearchannel of the female die and under the male die, a rear horizontalcylinder and piston fitted to actuate the horizontal upsetting-ram, andan overhead vertical cylinder and piston fitted to actuate the verticalcompressing male die.

5. The combination of the dies which form the shaping-chamber, providedwith a bulbous protuberance projecting from the top or bottom into saidshaping-chamber at or about its center, and mechanism for driving theheat-softened end of a stationary metal bar backward and upsetting itinto said chamber, for the purpose set forth.

FREDERICK H. SMITH.

Vitnesses:

E. S. JOHNSON, J NO. T. Mannox.

